Basic information on R, an open source statistical software.
- Contents
What is R?
R is a open source high level programming language designed specifically for statistical computation and graphics. It is one of the most used stat programs by statisticians and is comparable (or better!) than many proprietary stats programs.
General Links
The R Project Homepage: http://www.r-project.org/
The R Journal: http://journal.r-project.org/
R on Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_%28programming_language%29
OpenWetWare R info: http://openwetware.org/wiki/R_Statistics
Crantastic, a review site for R packages: http://crantastic.org/
http://onertipaday.blogspot.com/
Get R
Download R: http://cran.r-project.org/ (R can also be found in most Linux distribution repositories.)
How to install R: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#How-can-R-be-installed_003f
Documentation and Tutorials
- Official R documentation compilation: http://cran.r-project.org/manuals.html
- R Tutorial by Kelly Black: http://www.cyclismo.org/tutorial/R/
- Math 356 R Tutorial: http://math.illinoisstate.edu/dhkim/rstuff/rtutor.html
- R for Programmers: http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/r.html (not complete in the sense that the needed data files aren’t provided to reproduce the code)
- Practical Regression and Anova using R: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/contrib/Faraway-PRA.pdf(excellent tutorial!)
- http://www.statmethods.net/
- R by example
- R Graphical Manual
- R programming for those coming from other languages
- Style guide from Google
GUIs for R
JGR http://jgr.markushelbig.org/JGR.html
R Commander http://socserv.mcmaster.ca/jfox/Misc/Rcmdr/
Basic code
# declare a vector > x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) # write a custom function for the square of a number > sq <- function(x) x*x > sq(5) [1] 25 > y <- sq(x) > y [1] 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100 # make a scatter plot > plot(y ~ x)
# calculate the mean and variance of y
> mean(y)
[1] 38.5
> var(y)
[1] 1167.833
# fit a linear regression model
> summary(lm(y ~ x))
Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-8 -6 -2 4 12
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -22.0000 5.5498 -3.964 0.00415 **
x 11.0000 0.8944 12.298 1.78e-06 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 8.124 on 8 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9498, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9435
F-statistic: 151.2 on 1 and 8 DF, p-value: 1.778e-06
# add the regression line to the plot
> abline(lm(y ~ x))
# make some diagnostic plots for the fit > par(mfrow=c(2, 2)) > plot(lm(y ~ x))
Python and R
RPy http://rpy.sourceforge.net/index.html
R/SPlus – Python Interface http://www.omegahat.org/RSPython/