Surface ruptures during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake caused extensive damage to civil infrastructure in Taiwan.
![The waterfall in the river channel did not exist before the earthquake, but rather resulted from about 6 m of fault offset in the bedrock. The fault cut across this bridge, separating the supporting columns and causing collapse of the decks.](https://research.engineering.ucdavis.edu/gpa/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/02/Bridge-and-waterfall-300x199.jpg)
The waterfall in the river channel did not exist before the earthquake, but rather resulted from about 6 m of fault offset in the bedrock. The fault cut across this bridge, separating the supporting columns and causing collapse of the decks.
![About 2 m of vertical offset developed where the thrust fault cut across this track field. Notice that the surface rupture is limited to a relatively narrow zone, with very little deformation of the ground surface on either side.](https://research.engineering.ucdavis.edu/gpa/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/02/Rupture-in-track-field-300x201.jpg)
About 2 m of vertical offset developed where the thrust fault cut across this track field. Notice that the surface rupture is limited to a relatively narrow zone, with very little deformation of the ground surface on either side.